EDUCATION

 Education in Bangladesh

The educational system in Bangladesh is three-tiered and highly subsidized. The government of Bangladesh operates many schools in the primary, secondary, and higher secondary levels. It also subsidizes parts of the funding for many private schools. In the tertiary education sector, the government also funds more than 15 state universities through the University Grants Commission.

Bangladesh conforms fully to the Education For All (EFA) objectives, the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and international declarations. Article 17 of the Bangladesh Constitution provides that all children between the ages of six and ten years receive a basic education free of charge.

Contents

  • 1 Education system
    • 1.1 Tertiary education in Madrasah Education System
    • 1.2 Tertiary education in Technical Education System
  • 2 Educational management
    • 2.1 Primary and secondary level management
    • 2.2 Tertiary education management
    • 2.3 Technical and Vocational education management
  • 3 Non-formal primary education
  • 4 Current status
    • 4.1 Concerns
  • 5 See also
  • 6 References
  • 7 Further reading
  • 8 External links

Education system

Bangladesh education system in brief


The three main educational systems in Bangladesh, ordered by decreasing student numbers, are:
  • General Education System
  • Madrasah Education System
  • Technical - Vocational Education System
Other systems include a Professional Education System.
Each of these three main systems is divided into four levels:
  • Primary Level (years 1 to 5)
  • Secondary Level (years 6 to 10)
  • Higher Secondary Level (years 11 and 12)
  • Tertiary Level
Tertiary education in Bangladesh takes place at 34 government and 54 private universities. Students can choose to further their studies in engineering, technology, agriculture and medicine at a variety of universities and colleges.
At all levels of schooling, students can choose to receive their education in English or Bengali. Private schools tend to make use of English-based study media while government-sponsored schools use Bengali.



 Cadets in class room
Cadet colleges are important in the education system of Bangladesh. A cadet college is a special type of school-cum-college established in East Pakistan on the model of English public schools. Military education is compulsory at cadet college. The government of Pakistan established the first residential cadet college in the Punjab in 1954. Faujdarhat cadet college was the first cadet college in East Pakistan (Bangladesh), established in 1958 over an area of 185 acres (0.75 km2) of land at Faujdarhat in the district of Chittagong. At present there are 12 cadet colleges in Bangladesh.
The Madrasah Education System focuses on religious education, teaching all the basics of education in a religious environment. Islamic teachings are compulsory. Religious studies are taught in Arabic and the children also usually serve the related mosques. Students also study some or all of the courses from the General Education System. Madrasahs take in many homeless children and provide them with food, shelter and education, e.g. Jamia Tawakkulia Renga Madrasah in Sylhet.


The Technical and Vocational Education System provides courses related to various applied and practical areas of science, technology and engineering, or focuses on a specific specialized area. Course duration ranges from one month to four years.

Tertiary education in Madrasah Education System

In Madrasah Education System, after passing 'Alim' (12th Grade), student can enroll in for 3years long study, for obtaining a 'Fazil' level (14th Grade)as well as they can go for further general education like earning all over the universities degree, And after passing successfully they can further enroll into another 2 years long study system to obtain a 'Kamil' level (16th Grade) degree.

Tertiary education in Technical Education System

In the Technical Education System, after obtaining Diploma-in-Engineering degree (four years long curriculum), students can further pursue their educational carrier for obtaining a Bachelor degree from Engineering & Technology Universities, which offer two and a half to three year long courses for students with a Diploma-in-Engineering degree, to obtain a Bachelor degree (undergraduate degree) (16th Grade) in Engineering. Then they can enroll into post-graduate studies.


Educational management

The overall responsibility of management of primary education lies with the Primary and Mass Education Division (PMED), set up as a separate division with the status of a Ministry in 1992. While the PMED is involved in formulation of policies, the responsibility of implementation rests with the Directorate of Primary Education (DPE) headed by a Director General.
The Directorate of Primary Education (DPE) and its subordinate offices in the district and upazila are solely responsible for management and supervision of primary education. Their responsibilities include recruitment, posting, and transfer of teachers and other staff; arranging in-service training of teachers; distribution of free textbooks; and supervision of schools. The responsibility of school construction, repair and supply of school furniture lies with the Facilities Department (FD) and Local Government Engineering Department (LGED). The National Curriculum and Textbook Board (NCTB) are responsible for the development of curriculum and production of textbooks. While the Ministry of Education (MOE) is responsible for formulation of policies, the Directorate of Secondary and Higher Education (DSHE) under the Ministry of Education is responsible for implementing the same at secondary and higher education levels. The NCTB is responsible for developing curriculum and publishing standard textbooks.

Primary and secondary level management

The primary and secondary levels of education are controlled by the six General Education Boards, each covering a region. The boards' headquarters are located in Barisal, Comilla Chittagong, Dhaka, Jessore, Rajshahi and Sylhet . In addition, the Madrasah Education Board covers religious education in government-registered Madrasahs, and the Technical Education Board controls technical and vocational training in the secondary level.
Six region-based Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) are responsible for conducting the two public examinations, SSC and HSC, in addition to granting recognition to non-government secondary schools.
At the school level, in the case of non-government secondary schools, School Management Committees (SMC), and at the intermediate college level, in the case of non-government colleges, Governing Bodies (GB), formed as per government directives, are responsible for mobilizing resources, approving budgets, controlling expenditures, and appointing and disciplining staff. While teachers of non-government secondary schools are recruited by concerned SMCs observing relevant government rules, teachers of government secondary schools are recruited centrally by the DSHE through a competitive examination.
In government secondary schools, there is not an SMC. The headmaster is solely responsible for running the school and is supervised by the deputy director of the respective zone. Parent Teachers Associations (PTAs), however, exist to ensure a better teaching and learning environment.

Tertiary education management

















Civil Engineering department of BUET, one of the leading institutions for engineering in Bangladesh


At the tertiary level, universities are regulated by the University Grants Commission. The colleges providing tertiary education are under the National University. Each of the medical colleges is affiliated with a public university. Universities in Bangladesh are autonomous bodies administered by statutory bodies such as Syndicate, Senate, Academic Council, etc. in accordance with provisions laid down in their respective acts.

Technical and Vocational education management

The Directorate of Technical Education (DTE) is responsible for the planning, development, and implementation of technical and vocational education in the country. Curriculum is implemented by BTEB.
Notable Engineering Universities in Bangladesh:
  1. Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka
  2. Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet
  3. Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur
  4. Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur
  5. Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi
  6. Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna
  7. Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chittagong

Non-formal primary education

There exists a substantial number of NGO-run non-formal schools, catering mainly to the drop-outs of the government and non-government primary schools. Very few NGOs, however, impart education for the full five-year primary education cycle. Because of this, on completion of their two-to three-year non-formal primary education in NGO-run schools, students normally re-enter into government/non-government primary schools at higher classes.
There are Non-Governmental Schools (NGO) and Non-Formal Education Centers (NFE) and many of these are funded by the government. The largest NFE program is the much reputed BRAC program. However, all NFE graduates do not continue on to secondary school.
NGO-run schools differ from other non-government private schools. While the private schools operate like private enterprises often guided by commercial interests, NGO schools operate mainly in areas not served either by the government or private schools, essentially to meet the educational needs of vulnerable groups in the society. They usually follow an informal approach to suit the special needs of children from these vulnerable groups.
Similarly, in NGO-run schools there does not exist any SMC. The style of management differs depending upon differences in policies pursued by different NGOs. Some are centrally managed within a highly bureaucratic set-up, while others enjoy considerable autonomy.
Different NGOs pursue different policies regarding recruitment of teachers. Some prepare a panel of prospective teachers on the basis of a rigorous test and recruit teachers from this panel. Other NGOs recruit teachers rather informally from locally available interested persons.

Current status

Current government projects to promote the education of children in Bangladesh include compulsory primary education for all, free education for girls up to grade 10, stipends for female students, a nationwide integrated education system and a food-for-education literacy movement. A large section of the country’s national budget is set aside to help put these programs into action and to promote education and make it more accessible. Recent years have seen these efforts pay off and the Bangladesh education system is strides ahead of what it was only a few short years ago.

Concerns

The educational system of Bangladesh faces several problems. In the past, Bangladesh education was primarily a British-controlled, upper-class affair with all courses given in English and very little being done for the common people. The Bangladesh education board has taken steps to leave such practices in the past and is looking forward to education as a way to provide a poverty-stricken nation with a brighter future. Bangladesh has one of the lowest literacy rates in South Asia. One study found a 15.5% primary school teacher absence rate.
The low performance in primary education is also matter of concern. School drop-out rates and grade repetition rates are high. Poor school attendance and low contact time in school are factors contributing to low level of learning achievement. Further, the system lacks a sound Human Resource Development and deployment system and this has demoralized the primary education sector personnel, including teachers, and contributes to poor performance. Poverty is a big threat to primary education.





List of universities in Bangladesh

This is a list of universities in Bangladesh. Universities in Bangladesh are mainly categorized into three different types — Public (government owned and subsidized), Private (private sector owned universities), and International (operated and funded by international organizations such as the Organisation of the Islamic Conference).
University of Dhaka, established in 1921, is the oldest university of the country. Bangladeshi universities are affiliated with the University Grants Commission (UGC), a commission created according to the Presidential Order (P.O. No 10 of 1973) of the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.

The list is classified by the three types universities further segmented according to their locations. The locations are given according to divisions, the topmost administrative unit in Bangladesh. It is notable that, out of the 6 divisions Dhaka Division houses 58 out of a total of 87, of them 52 in Dhaka, the capital city. Most universities focus on general studies, meaning a diverse mix of curriculum, business studies, engineering or technology. Seven universities have specialized curricula focused on Islamic studies (2), agricultural sciences (2), medical sciences (1), Veterinary (1) and women's studies (1). Along with the universities their short names, mostly acronyms, are provided as nicks.

Contents

  • 1 Public universities
    • 1.1 Dhaka division
    • 1.2 Rajshahi division
    • 1.3 Rangpur division
    • 1.4 Khulna division
    • 1.5 Chittagong division
    • 1.6 Barisal division
    • 1.7 Sylhet division
    • 1.8 Special universities
  • 2 Private universities
    • 2.1 Chittagong division
    • 2.2 Dhaka division
    • 2.3 Rajshahi division
    • 2.4 Sylhet division
  • 3 International universities


4 Notes and references


Public universities

Bangladesh has 30 public universities instructing the bulk of higher studies students. These universities that are funded by the Government and managed as self-governed government institutions.




Dhaka division













Civil engineering building, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology


















War memorial sculpture in Bangladesh Agricultural University














Al-Beruni Hall of Jahangirnagar University


Following are the 12 public universities located in Dhaka division. Seven are in Dhaka in the Dhaka District. Two universities in Gazipur and one on Savar also come under that district. Mymensingh District features two universities, one each in Mymensingh and Trishal. One more is in Tangail. The university in Mymensigh specialize in agricultural sciences, and a university in Dhaka specializes in General.


University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
7.
Bangladesh Agricultural University
BAU
1961
Mymensingh
Agriculture
8.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University
BSMAU
1983
Gazipur
Agriculture
9.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
BSMMU
1965
Dhaka
Medical
10.
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
BUET
1962
Dhaka
Engineering
11.
Bangladesh University of Professionals
BUP
2008
Dhaka
General
12.
Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology
DUET
2003
Gazipur
Engineering
13.
Jagannath University
JNU
2005
Dhaka
General
14.
Jahangirnagar University
JU
1970
Savar
General
15.
Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University
KNU
2005
Trishal
General
16.
Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
MBSTU
1999
Tangail
Technology
17.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University
SAU
2001
Dhaka
Agriculture
18.
University of Dhaka
DU
1921
Dhaka
General




Rajshahi division







Administrative building of Rajshahi University





Administrative building of RUET


Following are the public universities located in Rajshahi division. Two are in Rajshahi, one in Rangpur and another one in Dinajpur.


University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
23.
Rajshahi University
RU
1953
Rajshahi
General
24.
Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology
RUET
1962
Rajshahi
Engineering
25.
Pabna University of Science and Technology
PUST
2008
Pabna
Technology




Rangpur division

There are two public universities located in Rangpur division. One is in Rangpur and another one in Dinajpur.




University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
26.
Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University
HSTU
2002
Dinajpur
Technology
27.
Begum Rokeya University

2008
Rangpur
General





Khulna division






Auditorium of Islamic University

Following are the four public universities located in Khulna division. Two are in Khulna, one in Jessore and another one in Kushtia. The university in Kushtia is the only public university in Bangladesh specializing in Islamic studies.




University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
19.
Khulna University
KU
1991
Khulna
General
20.
Khulna University of Engineering and Technology
KUET
1969
Khulna
Engineering
21.
Islamic University
IU
1980
Kushtia
Islam
22.
Jessore Science and Technology University
JSTU
2008
Jessore
Technology




Chittagong division






Chittagong University Shaheed Minar

Following are the five public universities located in Chittagong division. Three are in Chittagong, while one each are in Comilla and Noakhali. One of them specializes in Veterinary Sciences.




University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
2.
Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology
CUET
1968
Chittagong
Engineering
3.
Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
CVASU
2006
Chittagong
Veterinary Sciences
4.
Chittagong University
CU
1966
Chittagong
General
5.
Comilla University
UC
2006
Comilla
General
6.
Noakhali Science and Technology University
NSTU
2005
Noakhali
Technology




Barisal division

Following is the only public university of Barisal division located in Patuakhali.




University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
1.
Patuakhali Science and Technology University
PSTU
2001
Patuakhali
Technology





Sylhet division






Language Movement Monument of Shahjalal University of Science and Technology

Following are the public universities located in Sylhet division. Both are in Sylhet, and both are specialized, as one instructs in technology, one engineering, the other in agricultural sciences.






University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
28.
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology
SUST
1987
Sylhet
Technology
29.
Sylhet Agricultural University
SAU
2006
Sylhet
Agriculture
30.
Sylhet Engineering College
SEC
2008
Sylhet
Engineering






Special universities

Following are the public universities that operate through a number of colleges all over Bangladesh instead of a localized campus. Both have headquarters in Gazipur.




University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
30..
Bangladesh National University
NU
1992
Gazipur
General
31.
Bangladesh Open University
BOU
1992
Gazipur
General






Private universities

Establishment of private university in Bangladesh initiated after the institution of the Private University Act 1992. As of 2008, 54 such universities are operational in five out of six division of the country. Barisal is the only division of Bangladesh without having any private university.




Chittagong division
Following are the six private universities located in Chittagong division. All six have main campuses in Chittagong city. One has its urban campus in Kumira, outside the main city. Five are general purpose universities, while one is specialized in technology.




University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
1.
Begum Gulchemonara Trust University
BGTU
2002
Chittagong
General
2.
East Delta University
EDU
2006
Chittagong
General
3.
International Islamic University, Chittagong
IIUC
1995
Chittagong
General
4.
Premier University, Chittagong
PU
2002
Chittagong
General
5.
Southern University, Bangladesh
SUB
2001
Chittagong
General
6.
University of Science & Technology Chittagong
USTC
1989
Chittagong
Technology





Dhaka division




School of Business, Independent University, Bangladesh






Queens University Campus, Banani,Dhaka












Queens University Campus, Banani,Dhaka












Foundation Building, East West University








Department of English Language and Literature, Darul Ihsan University









American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB) Banani, Dhaka


Following are the 45 private universities located in Dhaka division. All are in Dhaka city, capital of the country and most are in Gulshan Thana, Dhanmondi Thana and Uttara Thana. All but three are general purpose universities. Two specializes in technology, while one specializes in women's studies.




University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
7.
Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology
AUST
1995
Dhaka
Technology
8.
American International University-Bangladesh
AIUB
1994
Dhaka
General
9.
Asian University of Bangladesh
AUB
1996
Dhaka
General
10.
Asa University Bangladesh
ASAUB
2006
Dhaka
General
11.
Atish Dipankar University of Science and Technology
ADUST
2004
Dhaka
Technology
12.
Bangladesh Islami University
BIU
Dhaka
General
13.
Bangladesh University
BU
2001
Dhaka
General
14.
Bangladesh University of Business and Technology
BUBT
2003
Dhaka
Technology
15.
BRAC University
BRACU
2001
Dhaka
General
16.
Central Women's University
CWU
1993
Dhaka
Women's Study
17.
City University, Bangladesh
CUB
2002
Dhaka
General
18.
Daffodil International University
DIU
2002
Dhaka
General
19.
Darul Ihsan University
DIU
1989
Dhaka
General
20.
Dhaka International University
DIntU
1995
Dhaka
General
21.
Eastern University, Bangladesh
EU
2003
Dhaka
General
22.
East West University
EWU
1996
Dhaka
General
23.
Gono Bishwabidyalay
GB
1996
Dhaka
General
24.
Green University of Bangladesh
GUB
2002
Dhaka
General
25.
IBAIS University
IU
2002
Dhaka
General
26.
Independent University, Bangladesh
IUB
1993
Dhaka
General
27.
International University of Business Agriculture and Technology
IUBAT
1991
Dhaka
General
28.
Manarat International University
MIU
2001
Dhaka
General
29.
Millennium University
MU
2003
Dhaka
General
30.
Northern Unihversity, Bangladesh
NUB
2002
Dhaka
General
31.
North South University
NSU
1992
Dhaka
General
32.
People's Unihversity of Bangladesh
PUB
1996
Dhaka
General
33.
Presidency University
PU
2003
Dhaka
General
34.
Prime University
PU
2002
Dhaka
General
35.
Primeasia University
PAU
2003
Dhaka
General
36.
Queens University
QU
1996
Dhaka
General
37.
Royal University of Dhaka
RUD
2003
Dhaka
General
38.
Shanto Mariam University of Creative Technology
SMUCT
2003
Dhaka
General
39.
Southeast University
SEU
2002
Dhaka
General
40.
Stamford University Bangladesh
SU
2002
Dhaka
General
41.
State University of Bangladesh
SUB
2002
Dhaka
General
42.
United International University
UIU
2003
Dhaka
General
43.
University of Asia Pacific (Bangladesh)
UAP
1996
Dhaka
General
44.
University of Development Alternative
UODA
2002
Dhaka
General
45.
University of Information Technology and Sciences
UITS
2003
Dhaka
General
46.
University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh
ULAB
2004
Dhaka
General
47.
University of South Asia, Bangladesh
USAB
2003
Dhaka
General
48.
Uttara University
UU
2003
Dhaka
General
49.
Victoria University of Bangladesh
VUB
2003
Dhaka
General
50.
World University of Bangladesh
WUB
2003
Dhaka
General






Rajshahi division

Following is the only private university located in Rajshahi division. It is a specialized university with its campus in Bogra.






University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
51.
Pundra University of Science and Technology
PUST
2001
Bogra
Technology




Sylhet division

Following are the three private universities located in Sylhet division. All three has main campuses in Sylhet town.




University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
52.
Leading University
LU
2002
Sylhet
General
53.
Metropolitan University
MU
2003
Sylhet
General
54.
Sylhet International University
SIU
2001
Sylhet
General



International universities






Five Fundamentals Gate, Islamic University of Technology

There are only two international universities in Bangladesh. These universities are neither managed and funded by the government, like public universities, nor established under the Private University Act and managed by a private governing body, like private universities. One is established by Organisation of the Islamic Conference and located in Gazipur, Dhaka division while another is located in Chittagong division and funded by Asian University for Women Support Foundation (AUWSF), a United States based non-profit corporation.






University
Nick
Founded
Location
Specialization
Website
1.
Asian University for Women
AUW
2008
Chittagong

Arts and Humanities, Social Sciences,Natural Sciences and Information and Communications Technology.
2.
Islamic University of Technology
IUT
1981
Gazipur

Engineering and Technology




Notes and references

Overall
  • University Grants Commission of Bangladesh
  • bdjournal:online journal of Bangladesh::ISSN 2074-9473 (online)
  • Bangladesh Bureau of Educational Information and Statistics
  • Varsity Admission
  • Yellow Page
British Educational Information





List of medical colleges in Bangladesh




In Bangladesh, medical education at the graduate level is provided by Medical Colleges. The colleges are under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Health, and are affiliated with a university on the respective region.
Until the early 1990s, all the medical colleges were established by the government. Since then, several private medical colleges have been set up.



Government medical colleges

  • Armed Forces Medical College (Under Ministry of Defense)
  • Sher e Bangla Medical College
  • Chittagong Medical College
  • Comilla Medical College
  • Cox’s Bazar Medical College
  • Dhaka Medical College
  • Dinajpur Medical College
  • Faridpur Medical College
  • Jessore Medical College
  • Khulna Medical College
  • MAG Osmani Medical College
  • Mymensingh Medical College
  • Noakhali Medical College
  • Pabna Medical College
  • Rajshahi Medical College
  • Rangpur Medical College
  • Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College
  • Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College
  • Sir Salimullah Medical College




Private medical colleges

  • Ad-din Womens Medical College, Dhaka
  • Anwar Khan Modern Medical College, Dhaka
  • Bangladesh Medical College
  • BGC Trust Medical College, Chittagong
  • Central Medical College, Comilla
  • Chottagram Ma-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College
  • Community Based Medical College (cbmc), Mymensingh
  • Community Medical College, Dhaka
  • Delta Medical College, Dhaka
  • Dhaka National Medical College
  • Durra Samad Rahman Red Crescent Women’s Medical College, Sylhet (currently not operating)
  • Eastern Medical College, Comilla
  • East West Medical College, Dhaka
  • Enam Medical College, Dhaka
  • Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka
  • Green Life Medical College,Dhaka
  • Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, Dhaka
  • Ibrahim Medical College, Dhaka
  • IBN Sina Medical College, Dhaka
  • International Medical College, Gazipur
  • Islami Bank Medical College, Rajshahi
  • Jahurul Islam Medical College
  • Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College
  • Khawja Yunus Ali Medical College, Sirajganj
  • Kumudini Medical College, Tangail
  • Maulana Bhasani Medical College
  • Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka
  • Nightingale Medical College, Dhaka
  • North Bengal Medical College, Sirajganj
  • North East Medical College, Sylhet
  • Northern International Medical College, Dhaka
  • Northern Private Medical College, Rangpur
  • Popular Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka
  • Prime Medical College, Rangpur
  • Rangpur Community Hospital Medical College
  • Sahabuddin Medical College and Hospital
  • Samaj Vittik Medical College, Mirzanagar, Savar, dhaka-1344
  • Shahabuddin Medical College, Dhaka
  • Sikder Women’s Medical College
  • Southern Medical College, Chittagong
  • Tairunnessa Medical College, Gazipur
  • TMSS Medical College, Bogra
  • University Of Science and Technology Chittagong.IAMS
  • Uttara Adhunik Medical College, Dhaka
  • Women's Medical College, Sylhet






Cadet Colleges in Bangladesh

Cadet Colleges are special institutions which aim to produce students capable of leading the country and also act as skilled Army Officers. These institutions were primarily constructed in accordance with the Public Schools of England.







Contents

  • 1 History of cadet colleges
  • 2 List of cadet colleges in Bangladesh
  • 3 Cadet College Governing Bodies
    • 3.1 History
  • 4 Ex-Cadets' Organizations
  • 5 See also
6 External links





History of cadet colleges

The system of cadet college was first introduced in Germany in the era of Bismark. Napoleon Bonaparte introduced this in France. Military and Royal aristocrats would send their children or wards to those cadet colleges for education and a career in the Royal Army. After partition in 1947 the new state of Pakistan, consisting of East and West Pakistan, the system was introduced by the then President of Pakistan Field Marshall Ayub Khan. The first cadet college was built in West Pakistan near Hasan Abdal town of Attock district of Punjab province in the year 1954. Faujdarhat Cadet College in Chittagong District was founded in 1958.



List of cadet colleges in Bangladesh

There are 12 Cadet Colleges in Bangladesh. Among these, nine for boys and three for girls. Four Cadet Colleges were established before 1971. Other cadet colleges were built after the Liberation War of Bangladesh.



No.
Name
Location
Area (acre)
Established
01
Faujdarhat Cadet College
Chittagong
185
1958
02
Jhenaidah Cadet College
Jhenaidah
110
1963
03
Rajshahi Cadet College
Sardah, Rajshahi
110
1965
04
Mirzapur Cadet College
Mirzapur, Tangail
95
1965
05
Sylhet Cadet College
Sylhet

1978
06
Rangpur Cadet College
Alamnagar, Rangpur
37
1979
07
Barisal Cadet College
Rahmatpur, Barisal
50
1982
08
Pabna Cadet College
Pabna

1982
09
Mymensingh Girls Cadet College
Mymensingh town, Mymensingh

1983
10
Comilla Cadet College
Kotbari, Comilla
57
1983
11
Joypurhat Girls Cadet College
Joypurhat

2006
12
Feni Girls Cadet College
Feni

2006






Cadet College Governing Bodies

Cadet colleges are governed by a central governing body consisting of senior Army officers of the respective country. Adjutant General of Army acts as the chairman of the Body.





No.
Rank
Name
From
To
01
Major General
Aga Mohammad Yahya Khan
November 29, 1963
August 5, 1964
02
Major General
Fazal Mukim Khan, SPK, SQA
August 6, 1964
October 23, 1966
03
Major General
Muzaffar Uddin, SPK
October 24, 1966
October 15, 1969
04
Major General
Khadem Hussain Raja, SQA
October 16, 1969
March 25, 1971
05

M. Sadat Hossain
August 8, 1972
September 18, 1973
06
Major General
Ziaur Rahman, BU, PSC
September 19, 1973
November 13, 1975
07
Major General
Hossain Mohammad Ershad, NDC, PSC
November 14, 1975
February 27, 1979
08
Brigadier
Moinul Hossain Chowdhury, BB
February 28, 1979
September 23, 1981
09
Lieutenant General
Hossain Mohammad Ershad, NDC, PSC
September 24, 1981
March 29, 1982
10
Major General
Sadiqur Rahman Chowdhury, TQA
March 30, 1982
August 11, 1983
11
Major General
Safi Ahmed Chowdhury, PSC
September 1, 1983
April 1, 1984
12
Major General
Abdus Samad, PSC
April 2, 1984
April 23, 1984
13
Brigadier, Major General
Abu Saleh Mohammad Nasim, BB, PSC
April 23, 1984
February 12, 1986
14
Major General
M. Anwar Hossain
November 1, 1986
January 26, 1987
15
Major General
Mohammad Abdul Matin, BP, PSC
January 27, 1987
March 7, 1987
16
Major General
Abu Saleh Mohammad Nasim, BB, PSC
March 8, 1987
May 10, 1989
17
Major General
Mohammad Abdul Matin, BP, PSC
May 11, 1989
March 5, 1991
18
Major General
Mohammad Azizur Rahman, BU, NDC, PSC
March 6, 1991
June 9, 1992
19
Brigadier
Amin Ahmed Chowdhury, BB, PSC
June 10, 1992
February 13, 1995
20
Brigadier
A. M. Siraji
February 14, 1995
January 31, 1997
21
Major General
Mohammad Matiur Rahman, BP
February 1, 1997
November 28, 1998
22
Major General
Mohammad Masudur Rahman, BP, NWC, PSC
January 10, 1999
March 6, 2000
23
Major General
Ahsan Nazmul Amin, NDC, PSC
March 7, 2000
December 26, 2000
24
Major General
Tarique Ahmed Siddique, RCDS, PSC
February 5, 2001
November 16, 2001
25
Major General
Jalaluddin Ahmed, NDU, PSC
November 17, 2001

26
Lieutenant General
Sina Ibn Jamali, AWC, PSC








History

The first cadet college in Bangladesh was established in 1958 over an area of 185 acres (0.75 km2) of land at Faujdarhat in Chittagong District. The college was put under the management and supervision of the army general commanding officer of the 14th division, although the education ministry provided the funds and was in charge of accreditation. Sir William Maurice Brown (a Lieutenant Colonel of the New Zealand army) was the first Principal of the college and served it in that capacity for 7 years. The idea behind the establishment of cadet colleges was to train the country's youth and instill in them high moral, sound mental capacity, breadth of vision, physical stamina, power of leadership and the capacity to run the rapidly expanding government administrative machinery. The cadet colleges were completely different from all existing types of secondary and higher secondary educational establishments, but soon became famous for their performance in terms of the excellent results of their students in public examinations. Such excellence was attributed mainly to rigorous scrutiny in intakes and the good quality of instruction




Ex-Cadets' Organizations

Cadets passed out from a Cadet College feel deeply for his or her alma mater. From this aspiration, ex-cadets of almost every cadet college have been able to form alumni associations called ex-cadets associations. Some of these are :






No.
Short name
Full name
Established
Members
01
OFA
Old Faujians' Association


02
ORCA
Old Rajshahi Cadets' Association


03
JEXCA
Jhenaidah Ex-Cadets Association


04
MECA
Mirzapur Ex-Cadets' Association


05
ROCA
Rangpur Old Cadets' Association


06
ACOC
Association of Comilla Old Cadets'


07
AMEC
Association of Mymensingh Ex-Cadets'


08
BEXCA
Barisal Ex-Cadets' Association


09
APEC
Association of Pabna Ex-Cadets'


10
OCAS
Old Cadets' Association of Sylhet






External links

  • http://www.bexca.net - Official website of BEXCA.
  • http://www.ofa.infoqube.com/wiki - Wiki of OFA
  • http://www.meca.infoqube.com/wiki - Wiki of MECA
  • http://www.rocaccr.org - Official website of ROCA.
  • http://www.acoc.infoqube.com/wiki - Wiki of ACOC
  • http://www.sylhetcadetcollege.org - Official website of OCAS
http://www.jexca.org.bd/ - Official website of JEXCA.







Qawmi

Qawmi (also variously phonetically transliterated as Quawmi, Quomi, Qaumi, Qaumee, Kawmi, or Qawmy) is an adjective describing one of the two major madrasah educational categories in Bangladesh. By definition, all madrasahs not regulated by the Bangladesh Madrasah Education Board are Qawmi. As private charitable organizations, Qawmi madrasahs are supported almost exclusively by donation.
The theological curriculum of the Qawmi madrasahs predominantly follow the Islamic Deobandi model. In the past, the degrees they conferred lacked accreditation or official recognition unlike those conferred by official Alia madrasahs (also spelled "Aliya" and "Aliah"), which follow the Calcutta Alia tradition. Starting in 2006, two years after the founding of the privately run Befaqul Mudarressin education board for Qawmi madrasahs, the Bangladeshi government began to recognize some Qawmi degrees.
As of 2006, there were approximately 15,000 registered Qawmi madrasahs in Bangladesh, with 200,000 (2 lakh) teachers educating 4,000,000 (40 lakh) students. Actual figures are unknown and Qawmi madrasas do not keep enrollment records. Moreover, it has been argued that if unregistered Qawmi madrasahs were counted then it could put the total number of Bangladeshi madrasahs as high as 64,000—suggesting that Qawmi madrasahs outnumber their official Alia counterparts (of which 25,201 existed in 2004).

Contents

  • 1 History
  • 2 Qawmi education systems
  • 3 Befaqul Mudarressin of Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasah Education Board
    • 3.1 Statistics
  • 4 Notable Qawmi schools
  • 5 See also
  • 6 Footnotes
  • 7 References
  • 8 External links

History

Qawmi educational practices originate from the traditional Muslim educational system of Bangladesh. During the British colonial period, these types of madrasahs were called "Khariji," or outside of government. Later, the term "Qawmi" emerged from the word "qom" (meaning "the public")—stemming from the fact that Qawmi madrasahs reject state funding and instead rely on donations from the public.
After 1971, some Qawmi madrasahs began to modernize their teaching, such as by switching the language of instruction from Urdu to Bangla and adding some English language and mathematics lessons. In 1978, a government body called the "Non-government Education Board" was established in an attempt to co-ordinate these madrasahs, of which 2,043 registered with that board by 1998.
The later part of the 20th century saw a major largely unregulated growth in the whole madrasah sector, which expanded from roughly 4,100 schools in 1986 to potentially as many as 64,000 schools by 2005.
The Befaqul Mudarressin of Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasah Education Board was formed in 2004. Soon afterwards, in 2006, the Bangladeshi government began recognizing and supporting the Qawmi system. By this time, approximately 15,000 madrasahs had registered with the Befaqul Mudarressin.

Qawmi education systems

There are two major Qawmi educational systems: those that use the old Dars-i-Nizami curriculum and those that have a modified Nizami curriculum (such as by including English language and mathematics lessons).
The Dars-i-Nizami system originated from early eighteenth century India. There is some controversy regarding movements to "reform" the system, with some calling the move "an 'anti-Islamic' conspiracy, alleging that these are a means to secularise madrasas and rob them of their Islamic identity"—though reformers generally contest that they do not want secularization and that they are not a conspiracy.
In general, Qawmi primary education lasts six years, though it does not differentiate students by progressive grade levels. While the Qawmi primary level covers all subjects found in other madrasah systems, there is no specific time-sequence or order by which subjects are taught as would be expected in grade-based systems. Thus, imposing class-graduated terminology on the Qawmi system may not be meaningful.

Befaqul Mudarressin of Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasah Education Board

In 2004, many Qawmi madrasahs began organizing together under an umbrella organization called the Befaqul Mudarressin (also transliterated as Wafaq ul Madaris) of Bangladesh Qawmi Madrasah Education Board, based in Dhaka, including seven smaller private Madrasah education boards. It is an extension of the process that formed the Wafaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia, Pakistan in 1957.
The board was founded to assure a standardized curriculum and to provide centralized examination. Membership with the board is voluntary, though required for degree accreditation by the Befaqul Mudarressin.
It is organized under a three-tiered representative system led an executive body. The second tier committee comprises senior madrasahs, followed a third tier of ordinary member schools.

Statistics

As of 2008, the board oversees almost 9000 madrasahs at the following levels:




Madrasahs under the Qawmi education board by level
Level
Analogue/description
# of Schools*
Takhmil
Master's
300
Fazilat
Bachelor's
200
Sanaria ammah
Secondary
1000
Mutawassitah
lower secondary
2000
Ibtedayi
primary
3000
Tahfeez ul Quran
memorisation of the Qur'an
2000
*Madrasahs are listed by highest level taught since some offer more than one level.




Notable Qawmi schools

The following are some Qawmi madrasahs:
  • Al-Jamiatul Ahlia Darul Ulum Moinul Islam — also known as "Boro (big) Madrasah"
  • Jamia Tawakkulia Renga Madrasah in Sylhet
  • Darul Uloom in Lalkhan Bazar at Chittagong
  • Al-Jamiah Al-Islamiah Patiya
Al-Jamiatul Arabiatul Islamiah, Ziri

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